representation

In this magazine cover bruno mars is represented as a macho man. His posture matches a dominant male and his facial expression is very serious to tell the audience that he takes his work seriously.
He covers the majority of the image and the text is bold and doesn't cover him. This gives off the tone that Bruno is highly respected.








Beyonce is portrayed as feminine and pretty in this magazine cover. Her dress is shiny and in your face, this hints that the attention is focused on her and her facial expression is not serious but happy, this has the impression that she loves her job. The text is serif and covers over her. This makes it look like she is 'precious' and the text is protecting her. .

Representation

L/O: To investigate the ways in which media represents gender

stereotypically  Male                Stereotypically Female                                                               

Characteristics:                         Characteristics:

Straight                                       Precious

Strong                                         Pretty

Athletic                                       Long hair

Confident                                    Short

Dominant                                    Damsal in distress

Bold                                            Goes to work

Brave                                          Pink

Dwayne 'the rock' Johnson         Emotional

Tall                                             Make up

Lean                                           Caring

Blue                                            Stay at home

Tattoos 

Male Stereotypes:

Macho

Geek

Rebel

Screaming Queens

Alpha Male

Gay Best Friends

Who is in the picture?

What is the advert/magazine cover trying to sell/promote?

What can you denote?

What are the connotations in the advert?

How are men represented? What stereotypes are used?
Who do you think the advert is aimed at? How do you know?

There are a group of seven formally dressed well looking men, the advert is trying to infer that by purchasing the companies products it will turn the customer into one of the well looking men. You can denote that the men are wearing DOLCE&GABBANA products. You can make the connatation that the company is trying to appeal to everyday people because of the contrast between the background choice of a rundown rugged street and formally dressed men. This portrays men as the stereotypically serious macho male.

In the advert there's a female holding a male very sensually.  The magazine is trying to promote male aftershave. You can denote that the man is enjoying the experience. This advert connotates that if you wear this aftershave you will have woman like the one in this advertisement. This men is once again a stereotypical toned Macho Male however this a major juxtaposition with the tagline, "real men wear pink' this contrasts the muscly male they used in the photo. I think the advert is aimed at men who want to appeal to women more.

In this picture there is a baby and a man both wearing blue. The advert is trying to promote washing products. You can denote that they are both wearing clean blue shirts. You can infer that the baby is his son and he takes pride in how he dresses his son up, so he uses ariel to clean. Men are represented as the alpha male in this product. I think the advert is aimed at families due to the inclusion of a baby in the advert. 

Female Stereotypes:

Drama Queen

Mother

Butch Lesbian

Lipstick Lesbian

Dumb Blonde 

Businesswoman

Geek

Slut

Sassy Black Woman

Who is in the picture?

What is the advert/magazine cover trying to sell/promote?

What can you denote?

What are the connotations in the advert?

How are women represented? What stereotypes are used?
Who do you think the advert is aimed at? How do you know?

There is a male surrounded by half-naked woman who are all over him. The magazine is trying to promote the male by making him look like a chick-magnet. you can make the connatation that females are seen as sex objects in this just to appeal to the male audience. Women are sexualised in this and are stereotyped as sluts . I think the advert is aimed at horny men because of the half naked woman.

In the photo there is Laura Croft with a gun. This advert is trying to sell the game, you can denote that Laura Croft has just explored a cave/temple due to the scrapes/marks on her. This is a counter- stereotype due to the run down look of her. This is aimed at male gamers because despite the counter-stereotype she is still very extremely attractive.

There is Jessica Ennis in the push-up position. The advert is promoting zero sugar powerade, you can denote that jessica Ennis is very sweaty. You can connotate that she has powered through a hard workout because of zero sugar fitness hydration POWERADE ZERO. This represents women as tough and strong. The stereotype is athletic women. The advert is aimed at women who want to work out.

MOJO Magazine Gender

• Androgine Bisexual Hermaphrofemale
• Use of the colour blue
• Represented as a stereotypical rock artist
• Text is bold and big to fit the audience 
• Serious facial expression
• Facial hair

I have learnt that the media loves to use stereotypes to advertise exactly the type of audience they want to, for example fashion usually uses what media portrays as attractive to make you want to look like them. In turn buying their product

Music Mag Covers

L/O: To create a music magazine cover showing understanding of representation.

Name: Complete

The colour scheme i used is simple and dark, this will appeal to the target audience of the rock genre.

I need to think about the text placement and font, I need to think about the masthead to fit the genre better.

I've changed to Title of our magazine to fit the 'rock' genre better, the text has been moved to different places to avoid text touching the edges of the magazine. I removed the '4 tracks of the week as I didn't think it suited what i wanted the cover to look like. Finally, I turned the exposure levels down slightly so it isn't as bright as before.

Cover Analysis

L/O: To analyse the cover of a magazine, linking it to genre and audience.

Babyboomer generation-

The Baby-boomer generation is the generation of people of people that were born between 1946 and 1964 making them between 50-70 years old, these people grew up with classic rock and a stable financial situation. This makes them a perfect audience for mojo magazine.

diversification-

This means to becomes more varied, in mojo's case it is very varied due to it covering rock from the baby-boomer generation and more recent rock bands.

Audience Address-

when they directly address the customer, this helps to engage their audience and establish  a personal relationship with the magazine and the contents of it.

Discerning-

Having or showing good judgment

House style-

house style is a set of rules that keep the magazine uniform and interesting.


Intertextuality-
When a piece of media references another, popular, usually for relevancy.   

shot type- medium/close up to fit the CD.

Star vehicle-Dave Grohl, ex-drummer of Nirvana and Main singer of The Foo Fighters

Colour Palette-Blue, Red, Yellow, White and Black. this is a colour scheme that fits the 'mojo' magical theme.

Bands/Artists mentioned- Nirvana, Lou Reed, Ian Dury, Elvis, Cast Stevens, David Gilmour. all alternative rock artists.

Masthead style- Only has to M and O visible, this indicates that mojo is iconic and doesn't need the title to be visible, the masthead is sans-serif and bold.

Main Coverline Style- Bold and large

Minor Cover style- Small and uses both bold and normal text.

Puff-The red sticker mentioning the contents of the magazine.

USP (Freebies)- A free compilation CD named 'Teen Spirit'

Placement of Text- mostly around the sides of the magazine 

Magazine Ownership & Regulation

LO: Research ownership, regulation & institutions in music magazine.

https://www.timeincuk.com/

• Uncut
• NME

http://www.bauermedia.co.uk/

• MOJO
• Q
• The Box
• Downtown Country
• Magic
• 4 Music 
• (Kerrang)

• Pitchfork

• Radio Times

 

• None

• Radio Times
• BBC Music Magazine
• Top of the Pops
• Music

Magazine sales

Magazines make money by advertisement, they can buy advertisement space in places where lots of people will see to raise the attention of the magazine. Subscriptions create a constant flow of sales to the company each month, alternatively magazines can also be sent straight to the shelves and more accessible.

Ownership

The majority of magazines are published by only nine companies but their titles make up nearly 75% of the market. This means they have a massive influence over audiences and their companies will only get bigger as they control most of the market 

Media Regulation & Law

IPSO are the independent Press Standards Organisation a company that regulates over 1500 print and 1100 online titles and helps maintain freedom of expression for the press.

IMPRESS is a company that provides public with reliable sources of news. Magazines have to follow an Editors' code of Practice which contains

https://www.ipso.co.uk/editors-code-of-practice/

https://www.impress.press/

• Accuracy
• Privacy
• Harassment
• Intrusion into grief or shock
• Reporting Suicide
• Children
• Children in sex cases
• Hospitals
• Reporting of Crime
• Clandestine devices and subterfuge
• Victims of sexual assault
• Discrimination
• Financial journalism
• Confidential sources
• Witness payments in criminal trials
• Payments to criminals
• The Public Interest

The Future of Magazines

The biggest thing that has effected magazines in the past years is digitalization,  this means magazines are cheaper to produce and the factories are smaller. This means magazines are made less physically and are more accessible. 

Technology has had a massive impact on the magazine industry both good and bad, magazines are much easier to produce and independent companies can start up in the industry.

Genre & Target Audience

LO: To identify target audiences for a variety of music magazine genres.

Magazines Covers:

The genre for clash is very broad and is tricky to pin down, this impacts the target audience in the same way. I think this is because it attracts audiences from any background or taste in music. However, the magazine usually covers alternative bands as oppose to pop. This means the target audience could have an ABC1 rating due to the diverse artists it covers, for example they have lots of indie bands, this would mean having to have a music service like Spotify or apple music. Which you would need broadband to have. I think the magazine is for both genders and can lean more towards one or the other based on what issue the magazine is. This can be because of the artist in the image, colour scheme and font.

Mixmag:

The target audience for Mixmag is middle class men from the ages of 14-28, this is because of the
prominent male figure covering the whole right side of the magzine. The genre of music is club music which do appeal to girls however,  it ususally has higher male appeal. They might appeal to teenagers looking to get into the DJ scene. They would have an ABC1 rating due to the high price of DJ concert tickets and equipment. The font on the front is quite bold and sans-serif which looks modern and strong.

Occult Rock:

Occult Rock is your stereotypical 'Rock' magazine, it has a prominent dark black theme and satanic 'anti-government' messages. The target audience is middle aged men of 40-55 because most of the bands were in their prime when they were in their teens. Most likely to be middle class and earning average wages. The magazine appeals to them because it gives them a chance to relive forgotten youth and remember good times and memories.

Kerrang:

Kerrang has an extremely punk vibe to it, and is extremely popular amongst angsty teenagers, for good reason too. The facial expressions are very angry and the music covered in the magazine always has lots of wraith in their voice. The target audience always finds a way to drown a way and find a place of inclusion when reading about the bands they love. They are usually between 13-21 and are usually lower class. The gender is both male and female, this is because both punk girls and boys




can get the same problems (usually with home life), the font is sans-serif and is quite bold and in your face, it has a vivid colour pallet and has quite bright colours that contrast the dull background.

Music Magazines & Audiences

L/O: To identify and analyse a target audience using demographics & psychographics. 

We 💜 Pop magazine:

Target audience:

• Young girls aged 8-13

You can see this because of the page layout on vivid colour scheme. There is a lot of teenage lingo and pop culture stars for their age.  The Social Grade of the target audience would mainly be ABC1, this is because to watch the 'youtubers' you would need a device to watch it on and a broadband subscription. Pop usually has lyrics that would relate to people with an ABC1 standard of living.

Demographics

The demographics for this magazine's target audience is:

White American girls aged 8-13, with mid level education.

Identifying the audience:

• Gender
• Age
• Wealth
• What class they fit into

• Nationality
• Political views
• Interests
• Ethnicity 
•  Religion
• Sexuality
• Personality

The target audience for the magazine is 'The Mainstream'

The target audience for this magazine is 'Trendies' and 'Groupies'

Quick Learning Check:

Demographics are factual information about the person and psychographics are based upon personality traits and opinionated. 

Reader profile for We 💜 Pop:

The average reader is trendy young girls, who are always into the new youtubers and pop music and usually are the ringleaders of their friend group. This can be because of their parent's usually single mums that spoil their sweet little girl.

Magazine Cover Terminology, Layout & Analysis

L/O: To analyse music magazine covers below and answer the following questions, in full, about BOTH covers.

Magazine cover A.

Magazine cover B.

1.
    a) The masthead 'mojo' lets the customer know that the magazine is special and magic and isn't your usual angsty rock magazine.

  b) The masthead 'Billboard' is what the charts are referred to in America, this shows what the magazine covers very obviously, which is pop music.
2.
    a) The Mojo magazine cover is crowded and in your face, very fitting for the genre the magazine covers.
 
     b) The Billboard magazine doesn't hide the femininity of the magazine, the layout is quite easy on the eyes and appealing to women. The focus is clearly on Katy Perry and the main colour is pink.

3.
    a)The detail on Mojo magazine consists of the date which is October 2017 and the price.

    b) Billboard magazine tells the customer the date but nothing else.


4.
   a) Mojo magazine's main headline is 'The songs that saved his life'

   b) Billboard magazine's main headline is 'inside the court of the new queen of pop'

5.
    a) The cover lines on Mojo are bold and capitalised, the font is sans-serif and use colour to catch the eye of the customer.

     b) billboard has neat cover lines and don't jump out at the reader.

6.
    a) The font on Mojo magazine is bold, sans-serif and masculine,  this is appealing to male readers.

     b) The font on billboard magazine is almost the opposite of Mojo and very feminine with serif which adds to the classic look the magazine is going for

7.
     a) The graphics used for Mojo is a concert (assumably a Nirvana concert due to the tagline) and a picture of dave grohl to show that the magazine is primarily focused on him.

     b)Billboard uses katy perry and a pink background to give context to the tagline


8.
    a) Mojo uses blue for the background colour of the magazine to stand out to the reader, this is very reminiscent of the magazine's name because blue is typically a magical colour. It has Yellow, Red, White and Black as well, this colour scheme is unique and doesn't follow the usual stereotypes for the genre.

    b) Billboard's main colour is pink with black and white, it appeals to the audience because of the obvious femininity and connotations that come with the colour pink making it appeal to your typical mum for example.

9.
    a) On Mojo the amount of text is high, and is used to summarise all of the major topics and themes of this issue of the magazine. They do this to let the customer know what bands and singers are included because not all customers will like all artists.

     b) Billboard creates a simplistic vibe with the quantity of text on the cover, it is very organised due to font size in the cover lines, it becomes smaller to appear less in your face and more enticing to read. Like most of the characteristics of Billboard they use this to appeal to their target audience with a simple and minimalistic vibe.

10.
     a) In Mojo the non-verbal communication is mainly with Dave Grohl's serious facial expression and the blue mystical colour in the background. This lets the audience know that the magazine is masculine and tells them that the magazine is important

    b) The non-verbal communication is Katy Perry's posture which is very petite and delicate to relate to the audience, the colour scheme also has the same effect. 

11.
   a) Mojo includes a free CD titled 'Teen Spirit' to appeal to the average audience due to the obvious reference to the extremely popular song in the alternative genre of the magazine 'Smells Like Teen Spirit' the average mojo reader will see this and be nostalgic of the song enticing them to purchase the issue.
   b) Billboard on the other hand doesn't I believe this is because Billboard does not want to over-complicate the magazine and only attract an audience because of a freebie, so it chooses not to have one and instead gets its sales through the use of advertisement and cover lines etc.

12. 
    a) There is a menu strip on Mojo however, it is behind the preview of the free CD this covers the bands and artists discussed in the magazine.

   b) Billboard has a menu strip in the pink circle to the right of Katy Perry.